Human trafficking is a form of crime that crosses borders. Criminal networks are spread across countries of origin, transit and destination. This international dimension makes combating human trafficking complex. Coordination between different authorities is required, and regional and international cooperation is crucial. Sharing knowledge and information helps national authorities to stop criminals and support victims.
EMN Study | Human trafficking
How do the EU, EU Member States, and other European countries tackle human trafficking internationally?
17 July 2025
> Read the full EMN study (comparison between 21 EU Member States)**
The European Migration Network researched how the EU, EU Member States and other European countries tackle human trafficking internationally. The research results provide insight into existing measures and show where there are opportunities for improving mutual cooperation.
Approach
The EU supports and finances cooperation between the public authorities of EU Member States, European institutions and agencies, and non-EU/EFTA countries. This includes the European Multidisciplinary Platform Against Criminal Threats (EMPACT).
The EMN study shows that European countries focus primarily on prevention, protection of victims and prosecution of perpetrators. Successful examples of combating human trafficking include:
- awareness-raising campaigns;
- deployment of local police liaison officers;
- cooperation with NGOs and civil society organisations;
- support from EU agencies in law enforcement.
Within their own territories, EU Member States and EMN Observer Countries cite the establishment of special law enforcement units, victim assistance and support and referral systems as effective measures.
