Migration and development cooperation may intersect, for example in policies on regular migration pathways and migration management systems.

Most European countries have a coherent policy for return and support for reintegration in countries of origin. This involves, for example, cooperation, coordination and division of responsibilities between all organisations involved.

For displaced persons from Ukraine, finding work involves more than just knowing the language of the country. It also involves finding a job that matches their education, but this is often a challenge.

More than half of EU Member States have no policy on the entry and residence of au pairs from outside the EU/Schengen area. Those countries that do have such policies guarantee, for example, adequate financial compensation and a maximum number of working hours.

Monitoring the integration of migrants from non-EU/EFTA countries (third country nationals) can lead to policy changes at national level. This is the case in half (12 of 25) of the EU Member States and the EMN Observer Countries.

The ongoing war in Ukraine and an increase in the number of applications for a residence permit continued to put pressure on the reception system in the Netherlands in 2023.