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EMN study | Labour migration, illegal employment

EMN study: ‘Illegal Employment of third-country nationals: 2017–2022 situation analysis’

20 February 2025

EMN study on illegal employment and labour exploitation of migrants from non-EU/EFTA countries (third countries) in EU Member States in the period 2017–2022. In the additional benchmark, EMN Netherlands compares Dutch policy with the policy of other EU Member States.

Study period - Up to December 2022
Participating EU Member States – Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Bulgaria (BG), Cyprus (CY), Czechia (CZ), Estonia (EE), Greece (EL), Finland (FI), France (FR), Croatia (HR), Hungary (HU), Ireland (IE), Italy (IT), Lithuania (LT), Luxembourg (LU), Latvia (LV), the Netherlands (NL), Poland (PL), Sweden (SE), Slovenia (SI), Slovakia (SK)

Background and scope

  • EMN study on key legislative and policy frameworks and practices of EU Member States in the period 2017-2022 to detect, prevent and combat illegal employment of migrants from non-EU/EFTA countries.
  • The study builds on a previous EMN study from 2017 and maps the policies, challenges and successes of EU Member States in 2017-2022.
  • The study concerns migrants from outside the EU/EFTA who: 
    - reside legally but work illegaly; 
    - reside legally but breach the conditions of their residence or work permit, including beneficiaries of temporary protection; 
    - reside and work irregularly in a country.

EMN publications

EMN Netherlands publications

*EFTA: European Free Trade Association, commonly known by the English abbreviation EFTA. Countries: Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Switzerland

 





 

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Written By Sandra Murmans