EMN–OECD study on how EU Member States and EMN Observer Countries use diplomatic instruments to promote international cooperation in the field of migration.
EMN inform | International cooperation
EMN inform: ‘Migration diplomacy: an analysis of policy approaches and instruments’
19 December 2024
Study period – 2019 to mid-2024
Participating EU Member States – Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Cyprus (CY), Czechia (CZ), Germany (DE), Estonia (EE), Spain (ES), Finland (FI), France (FR), Hungary (HU), Ireland (IE), Lithuania (LT), Luxembourg (LU), Latvia (LV), Malta (MT), the Netherlands (NL), Poland (PL), Portugal (PT), Sweden (SE), Slovenia (SI), Slovakia (SK)
Participating EMN Observer Countries – Georgia (GE), Ukraine (UA)
Background and scope
- ‘Migration diplomacy’ is an umbrella term for the diplomatic instruments that countries may use for their international migration policy..
- The EU regards migration diplomacy as an important component of foreign policy. The Global Approach to Migration and Mobility (GAMM), launched in 2011, provides a framework for cooperation with non-EU/EFTA countries in the field of migration.
- Despite the relevance of migration diplomacy, the effectiveness of the approaches chosen by different countries to address this policy issue remains largely unknown.
- The study highlights examples of existing migration diplomacy policies and presents a selection of successes, challenges and lessons learned by EU Member States and EMN Observer Countries to build on in the future.
EMN publications
- EMN inform, 'Migration diplomacy: An analysis of policy approaches and instruments', November 2024
- EMN press release, ‘New EMN inform explores migration diplomacy and international cooperation strategies’, November 2024
EMN Netherlands publications
- EMN Netherlands two-pager (comparison of Dutch policy with other EU Member States), 'Migratiediplomatie met niet-EU/EFTA-landen' (Dutch), December 2024
- News item, 'Growing importance of diplomacy for international migration policy', December 2024
